Archive for September, 2009
September 30th, 2009 22:09:47
Global view of the mechanisms of improved learning and memory capability in mice with music-exposure by microarray.
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Global view of the mechanisms of improved learning and memory capability in mice with music-exposure by microarray.
Brain Res Bull. 2009 May 29;
Authors: Meng B, Zhu S, Li S, Zeng Q, Mei B
Music has been proved beneficial to improve learning and memory in many species including human in previous research work. Although some genes have been identified to contribute to the mechanisms, it is believed the effect of music is manifold, behind which must concern a complex regulation network. To further understand the mechanisms, we exposed the mice to classical music for one month. The subsequent behavioral experiments showed improvement of spatial learning capability and elevation of fear-motivated memory in the mice with music exposure as compared to the naïve mice. Meanwhile, we applied the microarray to compare the gene expression profiles of the hippocampus and cortex between the mice with music exposure and the naïve mice. The results showed approximately 454 genes in cortex (200 genes up-regulated and 254 genes down-regulated) and 437 genes in hippocampus (256 genes up-regulated and 181 genes down-regulated) were significantly affected in music-exposing mice, which mainly involved in ion channel activity and /or synaptic transmission, cytoskeleton, development, transcription, hormone activity. Our work may provide some hints for better understanding the effects of music on learning and memory.
PMID: 19486929 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
September 30th, 2009 0:09:50
Metal Music and Mental Health in France.
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Metal Music and Mental Health in France.
Cult Med Psychiatry. 2009 Jun 12;
Authors: Recours R, Aussaguel F, Trujillo N
Although numerous authors have associated metal music with social problems such as suicide, self-destruction and Satanism, few studies have been undertaken to examine the mental health of fans of heavy metal music. This study attempts to determine if there is a link between mental health and the enjoyment of this type of music in France. The researchers surveyed 333 fans of metal music. Their mental health was evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), a widely used instrument that measures anxiety and depression. The scores of the sample of metal music fans were then compared to the scores that reveal possible, probable, or severe mental disorders. Qualifying variables included age, gender, status, education, motivation and participation in metal music culture. The results indicated that fans of metal music are mainly young adults (median age = 22.67, SD = 5.29) and tend to be male (87.85 percent). As a whole, metal music fans have levels of anxiety and depression that are similar to and lower than levels in the general population. Specifically, <5 percent of metal music fans surveyed showed pathological symptoms. Subjects that scored higher levels of anxiety and depression were those that had literary and/or arts backgrounds rather than scientific backgrounds, that wrote metal music lyrics, that consumed alcohol and that engaged in the body modification practice of scarification. This study suggests that opponents of metal music should re-examine the basis for their criticism. More scholarly research is needed to better understand the effects of metal music on fans and on society.
PMID: 19521752 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
September 29th, 2009 16:09:54
[The effect of the music-therapy under spinal anesthesia]
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[The effect of the music-therapy under spinal anesthesia]
Masui. 2009 Jun;58(6):684-91
Authors: Maeyama A, Kodaka M, Miyao H
BACKGROUND: Since no pre-medication has been widely accepted especially in spinal anesthesia, anesthesiologists should manage the control of patient’s anxiety during surgery. Instead of sedatives, we have been using music-therapy during spinal anesthesia. Bispectral index monitoring (BIS) is used as one of the sedation indices in spinal anesthesia. The aim of this study was to assess the music-therapy on reducing anxiety of patients under spinal anesthesia using BIS and interview type psychology test, State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). METHODS: Fifty-eight ASA physical status I-II patients scheduled for spinal anesthesia, were randomly allocated into M group (music group, n=29) or C group (control, n=29). BIS, EMG, and SQI of both groups were obtained continuously with computer system. Patients in M group listened to music by head phone and those in C group were left free under ordinary operating theater environment. Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-TA) score was obtained preoperatively for property-based anxiety and the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-SA) score was obtained postoperatively for condition-based anxiety. Time averaged BIS scores (pre-surgery, during-surgery and post-surgery period)were obtained during operation. RESULTS: Time averaged BIS values of M and C group in pre-surgery period, during-surgery period, and post-surgery period were 95.3+/-0.4 vs 95.8+/-0.4 (NS), 87.6+/-7.5 vs 95.1+/-2.8 (P<0.01) and 96.0+/-0.4 vs. 96.2+/-0.4 (NS), respectively. Post-surgery STAI-SA was 29.7+/-7.2 in M group vs 38.8+/-10.3 in C group (P<0.01) while pre-surgery STAI-SA scores of both groups were not different. CONCLUSIONS: Music-therapy reduced BIS value and was effective to reduce patient’s anxiety during spinal anesthesia.
PMID: 19522258 [PubMed - in process]
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