Archive for the 'Reason' Category
March 11th, 2010 23:03:48
It’s not what you play, it’s how you play it: Timbre affects perception of emotion in music.
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It’s not what you play, it’s how you play it: Timbre affects perception of emotion in music.
Q J Exp Psychol (Colchester). 2009 Apr 17;:1-15
Authors: Hailstone JC, Omar R, Henley SM, Frost C, Kenward MG, Warren JD
Salient sensory experiences often have a strong emotional tone, but the neuropsychological relations between perceptual characteristics of sensory objects and the affective information they convey remain poorly defined. Here we addressed the relationship between sound identity and emotional information using music. In two experiments, we investigated whether perception of emotions is influenced by altering the musical instrument on which the music is played, independently of other musical features. In the first experiment, 40 novel melodies each representing one of four emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, or anger) were each recorded on four different instruments (an electronic synthesizer, a piano, a violin, and a trumpet), controlling for melody, tempo, and loudness between instruments. Healthy participants (23 young adults aged 18-30 years, 24 older adults aged 58-75 years) were asked to select which emotion they thought each musical stimulus represented in a four-alternative forced-choice task. Using a generalized linear mixed model we found a significant interaction between instrument and emotion judgement with a similar pattern in young and older adults (p < .0001 for each age group). The effect was not attributable to musical expertise. In the second experiment using the same melodies and experimental design, the interaction between timbre and perceived emotion was replicated (p < .05) in another group of young adults for novel synthetic timbres designed to incorporate timbral cues to particular emotions. Our findings show that timbre (instrument identity) independently affects the perception of emotions in music after controlling for other acoustic, cognitive, and performance factors.
PMID: 19391047 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
March 10th, 2010 19:03:43
Alleviating Distress During Antepartum Hospitalization: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Music and Recreation Therapy.
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Alleviating Distress During Antepartum Hospitalization: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Music and Recreation Therapy.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2010 Feb 8;
Authors: Bauer CL, Victorson D, Rosenbloom S, Barocas J, Silver RK
Abstract Background: Pregnant women who are placed on hospitalized bed rest experience increased antepartum-related distress. We sought to examine the efficacy of a single session music or recreation therapy intervention to reduce antepartum-related distress among women with high-risk pregnancies experiencing extended antepartum hospitalizations. Methods: In a randomized, single-blinded study, participants (n = 80) received 1 hour of music or recreation therapy or were placed in an attention-control group. Antepartum-related distress was measured by the Antepartum Bedrest Emotional Impact Inventory, which was administered before and after the intervention and at a follow-up period between 48 and 72 hours. Results: Significant associations were found between the delivery of music and recreation therapy and the reduction of antepartum-related distress in women hospitalized with high-risk pregnancies. These statistically significant reductions in distress persisted over a period of up to 48-72 hours. Conclusions: Single session music and recreation therapy interventions effectively alleviate antepartum-related distress among high-risk women experiencing antepartum hospitalization and should be considered as valuable additions to any comprehensive antepartum program.
PMID: 20141383 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
March 10th, 2010 18:03:42
[Influence of music different in volume and style on human recognition activity]
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[Influence of music different in volume and style on human recognition activity]
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 2009 Sep-Oct;59(5):557-67
Authors:
The efficiency of recognition of masked visual images (Arabic numerals) under conditions of listening to classical (intensity 62 dB) or rock music (25 dB) increased. Coherence of potential in the frontal cortical region characteristic of the masked image recognition increased under conditions of listening to music. The changes in intercenter EEG relations were correlated with the formation of “the recognition dominant” at the behavioral level. Such behavioral and EEG changes were not observed during listening to louder music (85 dB) and listening to music of other styles, however, the coherence between potentials of the temporal and motor areas of the right hemisphere increased, and the latency of hand motor reactions decreased. The results suggest that the “recognition dominant” is formed under conditions of establishment of certain relations between the levels of excitation in the corresponding centers. These findings should be taken into consideration in case if it were necessary to increase the efficiency of the recognition.
PMID: 19947531 [PubMed - in process]
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